Gold is absolutely singular among precious metals as regards the duration of its use, its multiple functions and the amount consumed over time. People’s passion for gold arose at first from its stunning bright aspect, due to which they called it ‘aurum’ in Latin, namely ‘shining dawn’. It was already used in the Chalcolithic by artisans, who were attracted by its appearance and, further, by ancient Egyptian craftsmen, who devised not only the first gold coins as gifts, but also created such immortal works of art as the gold tombs of pharaohs, full of incredible gold ornaments and jewels. The same passion for this beautiful precious metal was apparent in the Europeans’ fascination for Americas, where they hoped to find innumerable gold treasures.